• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Mechanism of alignment of cardan transmissions in machines connected to tractor of lateral displacement of parallel arms, which consists of an oscillating intermediate connection that effects the unión between the cardan shafts (3) determining their movement in synchrony with the movement of the machine or its arms (5), comprising an intermediate rigid shaft (11) with respective cardan joints (12) at both ends, and housed in a housing that links it, with an oscillating part (13), to the latching structure (2) of the machine. The oscillating part (13) has articulated joints (14, 15) that provide it with turning movement in two directions and is attached to the arms (5) of displacement in parallelogram of the machine with pushing means (7) such as cranks (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2618331A1
    申请号:ES201531837
    申请日:2015-12-18
    公开日:2017-06-21
    发明作者:Javier CANCELA RODRÍGUEZ
    申请人:Javier CANCELA RODRÍGUEZ；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO THE ARM SIDE DISPLACEMENT TRACTOR
    PARALLELS
    D E S C R I P C I O N
    OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The invention, as expressed in the statement of the present specification, refers to a mechanism for aligning cardan transmissions in machines connected to a tractor with lateral displacement of parallel arms that provides, to the function to which it is intended, advantages and characteristics, which will be described in detail below, which represent an improvement in the current state of the art.
    More specifically, the object of the invention is centered on a mechanism that constitutes a self-aligning system of cardan transmissions for crushers connected to tractor, in particular consisting of lateral displacement machines with parallel arms, whose purpose is to maintain a correct alignment of the trees of transmission of the cardan between the tractor and the crusher in the different positions of the same.
    FIELD OF APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION
    The field of application of the present invention is part of the industry sector dedicated to the manufacture of agricultural, forestry and public works machinery, focusing particularly on the type of tractor-suspended type via tripuntal and with connection via power take-off.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    As is known, crushers are usually machines dragged or suspended by a tractor vehicle, being generally constituted by a supporting structure and a kinematic chain that drives the rotor or rotors.
    The supporting structure of the lateral displacement machines has the particularity of moving by means of one or more parallel-positioned arms that, actuated
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    By a hydraulic cylinder, they allow the disposer to reach different positions horizontally and vertically by turning the coupling head itself.
    The primary cinematic chain has to connect two points. On the one hand and starting point, the power take-off shaft of the tractor, and on the side of the crushing machine, the axis of the conical group.
    For the connection between the tractor and the crusher a cardan-type transmission shaft is used, characterized by having connection nodes that allow misalignment between the axes of the two connection points but with certain angles limitations.
    These misalignments occur when the suspended machine adopts different positions during work.
    Said alignments may be a consequence of the fundamental movement, whose origin is in the tractor's triple-hitch hitch head, and / or the displacement cylinders of the arms in parallel.
    The tripuntal hitch head, as the name implies, has three connection points that form a triangle with two lower and one upper point. In the lower points the arms that provide the elevation and lowering of the machine are connected and the third point serves to maintain the correct inclination with respect to the ground.
    In the lateral displacement machines, apart from these movements generated by the lifting arms of the tractor, the displacements generated by the arms in parallelogram, and the rotation of the head are added.
    These arms allow to move the work head up to 2m outside the tractor and place the head in an upright position.
    To achieve this, the parallelogram arms are of a certain length, according to the objective measurements, and because of this the conical group is very displaced from the tractor.
    As a result, existing machines in the market have common characteristics and in all of them appear a series of drawbacks that are
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    describe a continuation:
    - The distance between the two connection points on the tractor side and machine side is high due to the length of the travel arms. Therefore the cardan transmission has a high length, being necessary, in many cases, the use of a special transmission with a balanced to avoid bending and vibrations.
    - The cardan transmission is the one that limits the total displacement of the head because, after a position in the horizontal displacement and vertical rotation, the cardan transmission comes to play with the structure of the tripuntal hitch head. Therefore, this system limits displacement.
    - In certain positions, where the transmission does not touch the machine structure, the displacement is limited by the angles reached at the nodes of the cardan transmission.
    - The displacement is also linked to the geometry of the triple-hitch tractor hitch, because the length of the arms or position of the tractor's power take-off shaft will condition the displacement of the crushing machine.
    In addition, when the angles between the two connection points are exceeded, vibrations occur that cause premature fatigue of the connection trees and the cardan nodes themselves.
    Therefore, given that there are no systems in the market that attempt to solve these limitations in this type of machine, the objective of the present invention is to develop a mechanism that largely solves all the aforementioned limitations, and it should be noted that, as Reference to the state of the art, at least on the part of the applicant, the existence of any other mechanism or invention that presents technical, structural and constitutive characteristics similar to those presented here, as claimed, is unknown.
    As a reference to the current state of the art, it should be noted that, although multiple types and models of leveling machines of the type concerned are known in the market, including machines with laser system to determine the leveling of the blade,
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    At least on the part of the applicant, the existence of none that presents technical, structural and constitutive characteristics similar to those specifically presented here is unknown, as claimed.
    EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION
    Thus, the mechanism of alignment of transmissions cardan in machines connected to tractor of lateral displacement of parallel arms that the invention proposes is configured as a novelty within its field of application, since according to its implementation and in a taxative way they are satisfactorily achieved the objectives previously indicated, the characterizing details that make it possible and that distinguish it conveniently set forth in the final claims accompanying the present description.
    Specifically, what the invention proposes, as noted above, is a mechanism that constitutes a self-aligning system of cardan transmissions for crushers connected to a tractor, in particular consisting of lateral displacement machines with parallel arms, which allows maintaining a correct alignment of the trees or transmission card between the tractor and the crusher in the different positions of the same.
    More specifically, the mechanism of the invention constitutes a new system of alignment of transmissions cardan between tractor and conical group of the crusher that achieves the following advantages:
    - Reduce the angles in the nodes of the transmissions.
    - Reduce the total length of the cardan transmission, which in many cases limits the speed of rotation due to effects related to bending during the turn.
    - Increase the maximum displacements in this type of machines, which were always limited by the position and angles in the transmissions.
    - Give versatility to all types of tractors and thus avoid impact problems of machine structure transmissions on tractors with different tripuntal geometries
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    For all this, and specifically, the mechanism of the invention is based on an oscillating intermediate connection for cardan transmissions from the tractor to the conical group.
    Thus, at a point on the transmission line of the machine, a rigid shaft or intermediate connection shaft is incorporated, which is equipped with double output of cardan connections to connect the cardan transmissions to both sides of the machine.
    Said intermediate shaft rotates on double bearings and is housed in a housing. This housing, in turn, is suspended from the structure of the machine, and has different regulation points to make the adjustment as correct as possible in each case.
    Specifically, the housing is suspended from the coupling head by means of an oscillating part with a double turning movement that allows the axis to be oriented in two perpendicular directions.
    The aim of these two movements is to be able to orient the intermediate axis of the mechanism in the same direction as the arm of the crushing machine itself and, at the same time, allow it to accompany the lateral displacement arm at any time in the position in which the transmissions remain with the most uniform angles possible.
    The orientation of the described intermediate axis in the direction of the arm is preferably carried out by means of a combined system of connecting rods, although it can also be managed by a hydraulic system with automatic reading of the position of the displacement arm.
    With this system, the existing limitations and problems are solved as follows.
    - It goes from using, instead of a very long, two shorter cardan transmission, which avoids problems at high vibration revolutions.
    - By having an intermediate connection shaft, it is possible to isolate the transmissions from the possible impacts with the structure of the machine and thus greatly increase the displacement of the crusher both horizontally and vertically.
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    The described mechanism of alignment of transmissions cardan in machines connected to tractor of lateral displacement of parallel arms represents, therefore, an innovation of structural and constitutive characteristics unknown until now, reasons that together with its practical utility, provide it with sufficient foundation to obtain the exclusivity privilege requested.
    DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, this descriptive report is attached, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings, in which with character Illustrative and not limiting, the following has been represented:
    Figure number 1.- Shows a perspective view of an example of the mechanism for aligning cardan transmissions in machines connected to a tractor with lateral displacement of parallel arms, object of the invention, represented in a disposition of use incorporated between the transmission shafts. cardan that joins the machine to the tractor, appreciating the main parts and elements that it includes, as well as their configuration and arrangement.
    And figure number 2.- Shows a perspective view of the same example of the mechanism, according to the invention, shown in figure 1, in this case showing the assembly from another angle.
    PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, a non-limiting example of the alignment mechanism of cardan transmissions can be observed in machines connected to the recommended parallel-sided-sided tractor, which comprises the parts and elements that are indicated and described in detail below.
    Thus, according to these figures, it can be seen how the mechanism (1) in question is applicable to a crushing machine of the type that is connected to the rear of the tractor to be transported and operated by means of a coupling head (2) of three points,
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    shown in greater detail in Figure 2, and by means of a cardan transmission (3) composed of two trees to apply the movement to the conical group (4) of the machine and this to the rotor, said mechanism (1) being constituted by an intermediate connection swing that makes the union between said trees, one (not shown in the figures) that transmits the turn from the tractor and join it from the tractor to the mechanism (1) by one of its ends, and another (referenced as 32) that transmits the rotation to the conical group (4) of the crushing machine, joining it from the other end of the mechanism (1), making it possible to align it according to the different positions of said machine when traveling attached to the tractor.
    For this, the mechanism (1) that joins the two aforementioned trees of the cardan transmission (3) in the central part, comprises an intermediate rigid shaft (11) that presents respective cardan joints (12) at both ends thereof, by means of the that joins them, and that is arranged housed in a tubular housing through which it is linked, with an oscillating piece (13), to the structure of the machine. Specifically to the coupling head (2), said oscillating part (13) constituting a pendulum type connection with articulated joints (14, 15) that provide it with two-way turning movement.
    Thus, as seen in Figure 2, the oscillating connecting piece (13) is connected superiorly to the coupling head (2), by means of a first articulated joint (14) that allows its rotation in the horizontal plane and, consequently, the movement in said plane of the intermediate rigid axis (11), and is attached inferiorly to the intermediate rigid axis (11), through its tubular housing, as well as, by means of second articulated joints (15), to means that allow its rotation in the vertical plane and, consequently, the movement in said vertical plane of the intermediate rigid axis (11).
    The crushing machine also has the main characteristic of being able to move laterally in a parallelogram by means of arms (5) actuated by a hydraulic cylinder (6). Well, when performing this displacement, the mechanism (1) also moves, since the oscillating part (13) is attached to the displacement arms (5) in parallel by means of pushing means (7), preferably consisting of connecting rods, which are responsible for guiding the intermediate rigid shaft (11) that joins the two trees of the cardan transmission (3) so that they are making a correction of the angle in each movement.
    As can be seen in Figure 1, preferably, the second articulated joints (15) of the oscillating part (13) are those that join it to the thrust means (7) of the arms (5).
    In this way, for each position of the arms (5) the oscillating part (13) will adopt the appropriate position by means of the connecting rods and thus make a correction of the angles in the trees of the cardan transmission (3).
    Alternatively, the thrust means (7) connecting the oscillating part (13) with the arms (5) can be cylinders of a hydraulic system with automatic reading of the position of the displacement arm.
    In short, then, the mechanism (1) of the invention constitutes an oscillating intermediate connection that makes the union between the trees (31, 32) of the cardan transmission (3) determining its movement in synchrony with the movement of the machine or his arms 15 (5).
    Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to extend its explanation so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, 20 stating that , within its essentiality, it may be carried out in other forms of realization that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought as long as it does not alter, change or modify its principle fundamental.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
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    1. - CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO A PARALLEL ARM SIDE-MOVED TRACTOR, in particular, applicable to a crushing machine connected to a tractor to be transported and driven by a three-point hitching head (2), and a cardan transmission (3) composed of two trees, one (31) that transmits the turn from the tractor and another (32) that transmits the turn to the conical group (4) of the crushing machine, which, in addition, moves laterally in parallelogram by means of arms (5) driven by a hydraulic cylinder (6), characterized in that it consists of an oscillating intermediate connection which, comprising an intermediate rigid shaft (11) with respective cardan joints (12) at both ends thereof, joins said trees ( 31, 32) of the cardan transmission (3) and is arranged housed in a tubular housing through which it is linked, with an oscillating part (13), to the structure of the machine, determining its synchronous movement onla with the movement of the machine or its arms (5).
    [2]
    2. - CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO A PARALLEL ARM SIDE MOVING TRACTOR, according to claim 1, characterized in that the oscillating part (13) joins the coupling head (2).
    [3]
    3. - CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO A PARALLEL ARM SIDE TRACTOR, according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the oscillating part (13) constitutes a connection with articulated joints (14, 15) that provide it of twist movement in two directions.
    [4]
    4. - CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO A PARALLEL ARM SIDE TRACTOR, according to claim 3, characterized in that the oscillating part (13) is joined superiorly to the coupling head (2) by means of a first articulated joint ( 14) which allows its rotation in the horizontal plane, and is joined inferiorly by means of second articulated joints (15) to means that allow its rotation in the vertical plane.
    [5]
    5. - CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES
    CONNECTED TO SIDE ARM DISPLACEMENT TRACTOR
    PARALLELS, according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the oscillating part (13) is connected to the parallel movement arms (5) by means of pushing means (7), which are responsible for orienting the intermediate rigid axis 5 (11) that joins the two trees of the cardan transmission (3).
    [6]
    6.- CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO THE ARM SIDE DISPLACEMENT
    PARALLELS, according to claim 5, characterized in that the pushing means (7) 10 that connect the oscillating part (13) with the arms (5) are connecting rods.
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    ES2618331B2|2017-12-21|
    引用文献:
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    RO121163B1|2005-07-15|2007-01-30|Mircea-Mirel Popa|Device for crushing the soil into pieces while ploughing|
    EP2241170A1|2009-04-16|2010-10-20|Kuhn-Huard S.A.|Carrier frame for semi-mounted plough with a connecting structure|
    WO2015003232A1|2013-07-12|2015-01-15|Indstrias Reunidas Colombo Ltda|Improvement to a machine for harvesting and processing grain|EP3845048A1|2019-12-31|2021-07-07|ORSI Group S.R.L.|Agricultural machine|
    法律状态:
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201531837A|ES2618331B2|2015-12-18|2015-12-18|CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO PARALLEL ARMS SIDE DISPLACEMENT TRACTOR|ES201531837A| ES2618331B2|2015-12-18|2015-12-18|CARDAN TRANSMISSION ALIGNMENT MECHANISM IN MACHINES CONNECTED TO PARALLEL ARMS SIDE DISPLACEMENT TRACTOR|
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